Ocular disease in patients with HIV infection

Sophia L Zagora1, Angie N Pinto2,3, Peter J McCluskey 1. 1 Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Australia 2 Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia 3 Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, Australia Last reviewed: August 2019 Introduction  HIV infection and particularly HIV-induced immunodeficiency and its treatment may be complicated by a large number of ocular complications, …

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 HLA-B27 associated disease  HIV positive individuals can get severe anterior uveitis as part of a systemic HLA-B27 related illness or as isolated HLA-B27 related ocular disease. HLA-B27 related anterior uveitis can occur as part of a HLA-B27 related reactive disease triggered by gram negative bacterial gut infection or chlamydial genito-urinary infection.  Keratouveitis  Varicella Zoster Virus …

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CMV retinitis In the ‘pre-HAART era’, CMV retinitis affected up to 40% of people with AIDS, but usually only when CD4+ T cell counts were <50/mL (Figure 4a). Since the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART), there has been a dramatic reduction in the incidence of CMV retinitis. Clinical features include floaters and decreased visual …

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Pneumocystis jirovecii choroiditis This is now uncommon, as a result of the use of ART or systemic prophylactic therapy to prevent Toxoplasma infection. The choroiditis is typically bilateral, comprising yellow choroidal patches of 1/4 to 2-disc diameters in size around the posterior pole, with minimal vitritis. It is often asymptomatic. Treatment is with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin/primaquine …

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Denniston AKO, PL M. OXford Handbook of Ophthalmology. 3rd edition ed. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press; 2014. Singalavanija T, Ausayakhun S, Tangmonkongvoragul C. Anterior segment and external ocular disorders associated with HIV infections in the era of HAART in Chiang Mai University Hospital, a prospective descriptive cross sectional study. PLoS One. 2018;13(2). Bowling B. Kanski’s …

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