Chang CC, Harrison TS, Bicanic TA, Chayakulkeeree M, Sorrell TC, Warris A, et al. Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of cryptococcosis: an initiative of the ECMM and ISHAM in cooperation with the ASM. Lancet Infect Dis. 2024;24(8):e495-e512. HIV. PoGftPaToOIiAaAw. Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in Adults and Adolescents with …
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the CNS caused by reactivation of John Cunningham virus (JCV). This rare condition is associated with advanced immunosuppression almost exclusively – malignancy, HIV, organ transplantation, and immunomodulatory agents. Clinical features The demyelination involves white matter and can involve grey matter. In classical PML, the signs and …
Cryptococcal disease (cryptococcosis) is caused by Cryptococcus neoformans – Cryptococcus gattii complex, a ubiquitous environmental yeast that is endemic in many countries including Australia. While cryptococcosis can affect many organs, cryptococcal meningoencephalitis is the most frequently recognised, and most severe form with mortality rates, ranging from 24%-47% at 10 weeks.(5-8). Clinical presentation Patients typically present …
Christina C. Chang Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne VIC Introduction People with HIV (PWH) presenting with central nervous system (CNS) manifestations require careful assessment as the differentials are broad. Key factors in the history and examination to narrow down the diagnostic possibilities include a sudden vs. insidious onset; an acute …
HIV-related opportunistic infections (OI) in the central nervous system (CNS) Read More »
The Kirby Institute. HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmissible infections in Australia. Annual Surveillance Report 2023. Sydney; The Kirby Institute, UNSW: 2023. 2014 National HIV Testing Policy. v1.0. Available at http://testingportal.ashm.org.au/resources/2014_National_HIV_Testing_Policy_v1.pdf (last accessed 10 August 2016). Hoyt MJ, Storm DS, Aaron E, Anderson J. Preconception and contraceptive care for women living with HIV. Infect Dis …
http://www.APRegistry.com Antiretroviral Pregnancy Register maintains an up-to-date registry of antiretroviral drug exposure during pregnancy. http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/guidelines Recommendations for Use of Antiretroviral Drugs in Pregnant HIV-1-Infected Women for Maternal Health and Interventions to Reduce Perinatal HIV Transmission in the United States. Family Planning NSW: Contraception: an Australian clinical practice handbook. 4th edition; 2016. MotherSafe http://www.mothersafe.org.au Counselling service for …
Case Study 1 Agnes is a 28-year-old woman from South Africa. She arrived in Australia 6 months ago and has no family supports. She is diagnosed as having HIV infection and she is also 10 weeks pregnant. She is non-Medicare eligible at this time. Initial investigations indicate a CD4+ T cell count of 190/μL and …
Consultations concerning HIV and pregnancy issues may involve serodiscordant couples or, less often, seroconcordant couples. For these couples, referral to an HIV Specialist for expert consultation is recommended. In brief, recent studies have provided evidence of the effectiveness of ART in preventing sexual transmission of HIV, i.e., treatment as prevention (HPTN 052 and Partner Study).[45, …
Reproductive options for HIV seroconcordant and serodiscordant couples Read More »
It is vital to involve a paediatric multidisciplinary team before the birth of the infant. The team, consisting of a paediatrician, nursing staff, social worker, and dietitian, will support the mother and family in many ways, including the following: Counselling and support of the mother and her partner during pregnancy and after delivery of the …
Patients with HIV who desire or have indications for diagnostic testing during pregnancy (e.g., abnormal ultrasound or aneuploidy screening) should be counselled about the potential risk of perinatal HIV transmission, along with other risks of the procedure, so that they can make informed decisions about invasive testing. Although the data on women who are receiving …
Developing a sustainable HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Workforce
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