Guidelines

  The following sections provide detailed information on antiretroviral (ARV) drugs that the Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents (the Panel) recommends for initial therapy for most people with HIV and for initial therapy in certain clinical scenarios (see Tables 6a and 6b in the Initial Combination Antiretroviral Regimens for People With HIV …

Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Read More »

Key: 3TC = lamivudine; ABC = abacavir; ART = antiretroviral therapy; BIC = bictegravir; CNS = central nervous system; CPK = creatine phosphokinase; CYP = cytochrome P450; DTG = dolutegravir; EVG = elvitegravir; FTC = emtricitabine; INSTI = integrase strand transfer inhibitor; MATE1 = multidrug and toxic compound extrusion 1; OCT2 = organic cation transporter …

Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor–Based Regimens Read More »

AU Comment: Efavirenz and nevirapine Efavirenz (EFV) is available under the PBS in Australia only as part of a generic single tablet regimen co-formulated with TDF/FTC. Nevirapine (NVP) 400mg modified release will no longer be available under the PBS in Australia from 2025. Generic nevirapine 200mg will remain available under the PBS in Australia.  AU …

Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Based Regimens Read More »

Key: COBI = cobicistat; CYP = cytochrome P; DRV = darunavir; DRV/c = darunavir/cobicistat; FTC = emtricitabine; N/A = not applicable; PI = protease inhibitor; PK = pharmacokinetic; RTV = ritonavir; TAF = tenofovir alafenamide Summary The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved protease inhibitors (PIs) include atazanavir (ATV), atazanavir/cobicistat (ATV/c), darunavir (DRV), darunavir/cobicistat (DRV/c), …

Protease Inhibitor-Based Regimens Read More »

Most of the currently recommended antiretroviral (ARV) regimens for initial therapy consist of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) plus a third active drug. In addition, dolutegravir (DTG)/lamivudine (3TC) is a two-drug, NRTI-limiting regimen that is a recommended option for people with HIV (see Table 6a in Initial Combination Antiretroviral Regimens for People With HIV) …

Other ARV Regimens Read More »

AU Comment: Doravirine The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor doravirine (DOR), was approved by the TGA in 2020 as a single drug or as a fixed dose combination with TDF and lamivudine (3TC). DOR/TDF/3TC is NOT reimbursed under the PBS in Australia. Table 9. Advantages and Disadvantages of Antiretroviral Components of Initial Antiretroviral Therapy Listed in …

Advantages and Disadvantages of ARV Components Read More »

AU Comment: ART to prevent sexual transmission of HIV in the Australian context This guidance should be read in conjunction with ASHM’s U=U Guidance for Healthcare professionals, which defines an undetectable viral load as:  two consecutive undetectable viral load test results separated by at least four weeks; or, more conservatively, a full 6-month period during …

Antiretroviral Therapy to Prevent Sexual Transmission of HIV Read More »

Panel’s Recommendations Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is recommended for all persons with HIV to reduce morbidity and mortality (AI) and to prevent the transmission of HIV to others (AI). The Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents recommends initiating ART immediately (or as soon as possible) after HIV diagnosis in order to increase the uptake of ART and …

Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy Read More »

AU Comment: Treatment goals in Australia The principles of treatment goals of ART in Australia are consistent with DHHS recommendations, noting that in Australia both two and three drug ARV regimens are available. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has reduced HIV-related morbidity and mortality at all stages of HIV infection1-4 and has reduced HIV transmission.5-8 Maximal and durable suppression …

Treatment Goals Read More »