Changes in cognition may have an impact on daily function and the PLHIV may experience a level of disability related to their cognitive impairment as previously discussed. Cognitive difficulties can also lead to decreased socialising and increased social withdrawal. PLHIV need to be supported to maintain social connectedness and relationships.  

Providing information to the PLHIV and their caregiver may provide a better understanding of what they are experiencing and can help the person deal with any difficulty (1). This may help to reduce stigma and self-stigma the person may be experiencing related to cognitive impairment which can also affects a person’s self-worth, confidence, and independence (1,43).