Nurses are on the front line of HIV management and provide comprehensive care that includes prevention, treatment, and support services (1). However, the COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated the use of telehealth and virtual platforms in the provision of HIV treatment. Nurses must adapt their practices to remote patient care while ensuring continuity of care and minimising the risk of contracting COVID-19 (2). 

In addition, the coexistence of now referred to as Mpox) along with HIV presents unique challenges to nursing. Mpox, a zoonotic viral disease with clinical manifestations similar to smallpox, complicates diagnosis and treatment, especially in immunocompromised individuals such as HIV patients (3). People living with HIV are over-represented amongst those with Mpox (4), and those who are immunocompromised (with advanced HIV) are at increased risk of severe Mpox and death (5, 6).   

Nurses must remain vigilant in recognising the signs and symptoms of Mpox, distinguishing it from other viral diseases and implementing appropriate infection control measures to prevent its spread in healthcare settings (7).